Join renowned evolutionary ecologist Dr. Marlene Zuk as she discusses ways in which we use—and misuse—animals as models to understand behavior. If we use model systems as the archetype, it is easy to conclude that anything that deviates from the model is aberrant or abnormal. Because we often view males as the norm, they become the model system, with detrimental effects. We also pay more attention to certain kinds of animals than others, with the idea that some species are higher, some are lower, and humans are the highest of all. This ranking is called a scala naturae, and it is completely false, leading to a counter-productive view of how evolution acts on the sexes.